Under what condition can a pilot operate in simulated instrument flight conditions?

A pilot can operate in simulated instrument flight conditions provided that a safety pilot occupies the other seat. The role of the safety pilot is crucial for ensuring the safety of the flight when the pilot is unable to maintain visual reference outside the aircraft due to instrument conditions. The safety pilot must be appropriately qualified, which generally means holding at least a private pilot certificate, along with the necessary category and class ratings for the aircraft being flown.

While having a qualified commercial pilot in the other seat, filing an IFR flight plan, or holding a private pilot certificate can contribute to the overall compliance and safety of the flight operations, they do not specifically satisfy the requirement for operating in simulated instrument conditions effectively. The essential point is the presence of a safety pilot, who can provide additional situational awareness and assist in maintaining safety during the simulated conditions.